To start the treatment of offychomicosis on time, you need to know what a nail fungus looks like.Mushrooms relating to the types of dermatophytes, candidates and abolished possible can cause disease.The timely and correct determination of pathogens will allow you to quickly and effectively curse the fungus on your feet.
What is nail fungus?
The fungal nail disease has a scientific name - Onychomicosis, which means "chronic infection" from ancient Greek.This disease affects the nail plate in which the strength is broken for some reason.The disputes of the fungus are rapidly multiplied, they do not need special conditions for development.The disease itself is not happening due to great mushroom survival.
Causes of nail fungus
Factors, as a result of which nail fungus manifests:
- Wet and warm environment.After a long day spent in shoes, the legs sweated a lot.It is necessary to dry shoes and completely abandon synthetic socks.
- Age.The largest number of cases of the disease occurs aged 18 to 55.Basically, men suffer.If you are young, nail fungus occurs extremely rarely, and then in men older years of the rate of frequency of at least 90%.This is primarily due to the reduction in the growth of nail plates.
- Medications.Taking drugs, such as antibiotics and cytostatics, can cause a disease.
- Immune system.After crossing unprotected legs on any dirty surface, you can easily infect.A person with a weak immunity to make it much easier.
- Profession.Nail mushroom can occur due to high temperatures in the study, seal or ionizing radiation.Employees of mines, medical institutions, bathrooms and showers are more susceptible to diseases.
Three main trails have been identified through which the fungus could fall under the nail plate of the leg:
- Through the nail roller.The nail roller is the leather switch around the 3-page nail plate.
- Through the edge of the nail.In this case, the fungus belongs under the nail, not on it.In the future, this can be developed in keratosis - disease during which the nails starts separating from the nail bed.
- Through the dorsal part of the nail.This part is most widely-wide, which is why, fungus, fungus penetrates much less often.
Types of nail fungus
What does the nail fungus look like it depends on which particular type of fungus caused a disease
Dermatophytes
This is the most common type of fungal disease.On the nail panel with a dermatophyte affects 90% of cases.
There are 3 varieties of this disease, each has different territory of lesions:
| Trichophyte Rubrum | Affect nails and legs |
| Epidermophyte | Mushroom manifests on 1st. And 5. Toe |
| Trichophyte | Mushrooms manifests on 1st and 5. Toe, can go to interdigital folds |
Molds
This type of disease is extremely rare.When infected, the nail table changes its color and becomes black, yellow, brown or blue.
Yeast mushrooms
These mushrooms can manifest not only on nails, but also the cause of running in girls.The disease makes thinner nails.The nail plate gets yellow.If the disease is neglected, then it is possible to separate the nail from the frame.
Stages of the disease
What a nail fungus appears depends on the disease phase.
In medicine, it is common to distinguish 3 main phases of their development:
- In the first phase, it is quite difficult to identify the presence of fungi.All because there are no visible characters.
- Second phase.When moving to another phase, the nails lose shine, the color of the board gradually begins to change.The nail becomes fierced on the edges.You already see small white spots or slots, which will increase over time in size.
- The third phase is a neglected form of pathology, when a person has long been neglected by the disease and did not treat him.At this point there is a huge risk of losing the nail.It starts extensively and more and more break.
What does the nail fungus look like: symptoms and signs
The mushroom has heavy symptoms.At the beginning, the glow of the glow on the nail gradually disappears.The surface of the plate becomes a wave-like, small white spots appear.
Over time, the nail becomes brittle, scaly.Despite its fragility, the thickness of the nail can be increased.Maybe an unbearable sense of itching between your fingers.Sleeping in the legs gradually increases.Probably the appearance of corn and bubbles.
Another special sign of the disease is an unpleasant odor.This is due to the fact that the gap between the nail and bed is clogged with dirt and products of the fungi.
When the disease is largely launched, the patient can increase the temperature and the pain in the legs, which prevents it from moving normally.
Regional onychomycosis
Regional onanicmicosis is the initial phase of the disease.It is quite difficult to determine illness at this stage.
What fungus on nails appears depends on the degree of pathology development.The narrow gray lines gradually appear along the edges of the plate.The nail itself begins to bore.Yellow spots of small size happen in the center of nail.The plate does not change thickness, but becomes brittle.
The nail was not fully affected.Only his individual parts suffer.Therefore, the surface of the affected nail becomes checked.Under the nail, you can consider your gray matter, but the nail itself does not become thicker than it.
Normotorophic
Noretatrophic onnicmicosis occurs for the same reasons as the rest of the fungus.Microorganisms enter the skin, after which penetrates from its surface through low damage deep into the nail plate.
With normotrophic onypromicosis in the first days of the nail color disease does not change completely, but only in areas.From the sides and in the end, the nail becomes white, yellow or gray.The nail plate loses shine and fades.Over time, the nail color is completely changed, but its thickness does not decrease.
Hypertrophic
Hypertrophic onnicmicosis is considered an advanced form of normotrophic type of disease.The causes of its phenomenon are not different from the causes of other types of nail fungus.
The occurrence of hypertrophic onychomicosis contributes to contact with infected people, carrying unpleasant footwear or hygienic disorders.The cause can be diseases: HIV, hyperhidrosis and diabetes.
On his feet with hypertrophic onychomic, the nail thickness increases significantly.The thickening of the board can lead to a disease such as hypercheralatosis (with disease, the skin under the nail cannot be keratinized).
The color of the panel changes, which makes it look yellow or gray.Nails become opaque, boring.The appearance of onhichogriffosis - fungus in which the nail is deformed and takes the form of bird claws.
With hypertrophic ofychomycosis, side parts of the nail strongest suffer.As a result, the pain in his fingers comes, preventing the person is normally moving.
White superficial form
The white surface form ofychomicose is the most distinctive type of disease.The nail of the thumb and the little finger was damaged with it.
In addition to the disease, foot nails and matrix do not suffer.White spots gradually appear on the surface of the nail.Over time, their size and surface increases.The color of the stain is changing from white in yellow.Nail begins to break up.
If the disease runs, skin inflammation is possible around the nail.Together with him, strong redness appears and itch.
The thickness of the plate does not change, and its surface becomes rough.Often nails are interrupted, shining disappears.
People who most visit the risk of illusion:
- baths;
- Saunas;
- Public books.
The combination of high humidity and heat is an ideal environment for the rapid development of a fungal disease.Those who use common products of hygiene and shoes are very at risk.
White surface form ofychomicosis is easy to confuse with such diseases:
- Seborrhea.
- The first phase of eczema.
- Psoriasis.
Therefore, the dermatologist does not stop in the visual examination of the patient.It must take biological material from him and sends it to the laboratory to determine the type of pathogen.
Onyxolitical
OnicholityTska ontikhycomycosis characterized by separating nail plates from the box.The nail loses shine and becomes gray.In the area of damage there is a plot that is covered with hypercheralatosis (excessive thickening of the layer of the epidermis layer, can be 1 mm to a few cm).
There is also a disease, and a thickening of the nail and thinning.
Idanjazaz onikhycosis
This type of disease occurs due to the reduction of protective properties of the skin and weak immunity.Mushrooms Candida, living in the intestines and urinary tract, begin to multiply quickly and inhabit nail plates.The disease is most often in the female half of the population.The most common people working with the waiters and dishwashers suffer.
At the beginning of the disease, mushrooms affects the nail roller and the skin next to it.The skin crashes and begins to become on.Roller swell, the skin on it practically disappears.If the disease is not treated, then it can be developed in chronic and peeling skin in the nail area and your nail rolls will remain forever.
Refusal of treatment can cause a nail deformation.It starts from the roller to the center of the nail.It becomes thinner and with a slight print on the board, pus is possible.At the plate of Val-White white strips are clearly visible.
There is a proximal candidal onanicmicosis.The difference is that the nail roller does not suffer.Determination of the disease helps white dots of small sizes under the nail.
The third form of onychomicosis candidal is distal.The fungus affects the remote part of the nail and passes into the middle.The color of the board changes, and the nail becomes thicker.Hyperkeratosis occurs under the nail, as a result that is lodged.
Proximal deformation
Proximal deformation onnikhomyomy begins to develop in the event of a candidal lesion of nail plate.The main characteristic of the disease is a nail bed.This forms disease deform and becomes in the form of waves.
Atrophic
Attrophic onnicmicosis is characterized by changing the color of the nail panel to the brown-gray color.The nail was influenced by the outer end and is gradually moving into a leather roller.
There are also such signs:
- Loss of a natural gloss of the nail.
- The plate is atrophic.
- The nail bed is exposed.
- The nail is thinner and atrophy in the future.
- On the nail bed there are layers of skin scales.
- Infection refers to adjacent tissues.
With atrophic onypromikosu, just germinate nails remains not touched.
Methods of treatment
Before starting to treat any form of onychomicosis, you must contact a dermatologist for the diagnosis.Only after laboratory tests and determining the size of affected areas, the further treatment of the patient is prescribed.
As a rule, in the treatment of yourchomicosis, local medications and medications are used orally.
For more efficient treatment, in addition to taking drugs, it is recommended for drug treatment medications and general objects to turn off again.
Maybe treatment with the following ways:
- Physiotherapy.This procedure is prescribed to improve blood circulation of limbs.Physiotherapy is used in combination with UHF and amplicul carlation on lumboslorn and cervix.Laser therapy and diathermia are also used.
- In case of neglected disease, when the nail is deformed and spilled, doctors decide to remove the nail plate.This will further prevent the spread of the fungus and will give more effectively medications to a healthy surface.
Pharmacy products
The main methods of combating fungal diseases include antimacotics.They cause greater damage to nail fungus, and thus, effectively treats affected areas.Antimicotics are suitable for treatment of almost all types of diseases, except for candidates (here must be selected individually).
Dermatologists often prescribe the following antimacthics:
- Varnishes that can protect the nail from further development of the disease.
- Solutions that destroy the fungal from the nail rollers and the plates itself.
- Fats or gels that relieve itching and inflammation.
When local treatment does not give the right effect to the fullest, preparations are prescribed for taking inside.The main difficulties in the treatment of such funds lies in a large number of contraindications and precautions.The effect of medications increases gradually.
Traditional medicine
Folk medicine can be used in the treatment of fungal disease, but only in combination with other medications.
Tea mushroom
To use it, it is necessary to mate your legs.After that, a small piece of mushroom is applied to a sick nail, bent a bend.Stit holds all night and is removed in the morning.Deleted dead areas should be removed, then treat the surface with any antiseptic.The course of treatment lasts a few weeks.
Air
The decoction in Calamus is also able to become an assistant in the fight against the nail fungus.Take such a decoction 3 times a day.During reception, it is necessary to trim rough skin and growing nails.
- To prepare the product, 2 TSP is required.Protect the rhizomes of the plant and pour boiling water (as a rule, is 100 ml enough).
- Then rhizomes are cooked in water for not more than 1 min.
- When the product cools, it is ready for use.
Due to the fact that the decoction has a bitter taste, it can be washed with water.
Accreithic baths
Accrievable baths have a good effect only in the initial stages of the disease.In the future, they are used only with the doctor's permission and along with other medicines.
Accrievable baths soften the epidermis, improves blood circulation, and also transforms the look of the feet.
Ortće can be used in a combination of the following components:
- Soda.This remarkably softens the epidermis and improves the effect of the procedure as a whole.To prepare a process solution, it is necessary to mix 0.5 Tbsps on 3 liters of water.vinegar with 2 tbsp.l.Soda.
- Essential oils.Such a component reduces the course of treatment several times.For a single bathtub, 3 drops of oil needed.
- Glycerol.For 3 liters of water, 9 teaspoons.l.vinegar and 3 tablespoons.l.Glycerol.When preparing a solution, glycerin is added to water for better dilution.Glycerin in vinegar baths helps to moisture the skin of the leg.
Books can also be used as a prevention.
There are a number of contraindices in which they cannot be used to cook vinegar:
- Oncology.
- Wounds, sores and scratches on their feet.
- Individual intolerance.
- Thrombophlebitis.
- Pregnancy.
- Breaches of the cardiovascular system.
- Age to 10 years.
Before the proceedings, you must execute 3 steps:
- To make a sensitivity test.A small area near the elbow is moistened with a prepared solution.After 15 minutes.There should be no allergic reactions (itching, ignition, redness).
- Prior to the procedure, the legs must be steamed, and the affected fabrics were removed.
- After the procedure, you have to rinse your legs and dry well.2 hours you can't load your legs.
- The duration of the procedure is 10-20 minutes.
Generally, the treatment with vinegar lasts 2-3 weeks.
Tea oil
The use of a tea tree oil contributes to the effective recovery of the affected nail.During the procedure, the oil should be applied under the nail in the calculation of 1 cap per 1 nail.The procedure is done 3 times a day.The treated nail areas should be a glued patch, so the treatment effect will be higher.
Iodine processing
In the fight against nail fungus, iodine is widely used.It is best to use 5% of the process solutions.All that is needed to treat is to apply the iodine solution 2 times a day to the affected nail area.
When applying the iodine, it is possible to feel of ignition.If a burned feeling is weak and doesn't cause discomfort - everything is fine.If the pain is serious, then Ioday processing should be stopped immediately.The course of treatment of iodine solution is 2-3 months long.
The advanced phase of the disease can lead to more serious consequences.Whatever mode of independent treatment, the patient makes, in the first signs, it is necessary to advise a set with an expert.By the way, the nail fungus appears, the doctor will be able to prescribe complete treatment.Thosehomicosis on the legs are treated quite fast and efficiently with a right approach.